Potential Conditions in a Neonate

Structural
- Palatal anomalies – 81%
  - High, arched or narrow
- Cardiac abnormalities – 47% by Echo and ECG
  - Most common: PDA 17%, VSD 14%, PFO 7%, ASD 5%. None of these required
    surgery as most of these closed spontaneously
  - Other less occurred cardiac anomalies have included : hypoplastic transverse aortic
    arch; right ventricular hypertrophy; pulmonic stenosis; and valve abnormalities
- Congenital orthopedic abnormalities – 45%
  - Club foot – 14%
  - Vertical talus – 5%
  - Metatarsus adductus – 5%
  - Rocker bottom foot – 5%
  - Hip dysplasia – 17%
- Hernias (hiatal, inguinal, umbilical) – 12%
- Myelomeningocele – 7%
Functional
- Feeding problems – 83%
  - Due to hypotonia, high arched palate or gastroesophageal reflux
- Respiratory distress – 31%
Biochemical
- Jaundice – 57%